UC SOUTHERN REG! 


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Issued October 26, 1912. 


U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, 
BUREAU OF STATISTICS—CiRCULAR 34. 


VICTOR H. OLMSTED, Cuter oF Bureau. 


en OROP OF FHEAUREFED STATES, 


1712-1911. 


COMPILED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF 
GEORGE K. HOLMES, 
Chief of the Division of Production and Distribution. 


WASHINGTON : GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1912 


ERS lY OF CALIFORN! A 
LOS ANGELES 
SEP 23 1952 


LIBRARY 
GOVT. PUBS. Room 


/ 
/ 


DDITIONAL COPIES ofthis publication 
may be procured from the SUPERINTEND- 
ENT OF DOCUMENTS, Government Printing 
Office, Washington, D. C., at 5 cents per copy 


SRLF 
YRL 


12232349 |Xo 


RICE CROP IN THE UNITED STATES, 1712-1911. 


Intelligent use of the following table depends upon observing these 
explanations: 


Area.—Of production, contiguous United States; of trade, contiguous United 
States, and, subsequent to its annexation, Alaska; of total consumption, contiguous 
United States and Alaska. 

Propuction.—The year mentioned is that of planting, growth, and harvest. Pro- 
duction data obtained from following sources: South Carolina crop, 1718, letter from 
Governor Johnston, of South Carolina, January 12, 1720; 1738, Butel-Dumont; 1768, 
John Drayton, ex-governor of South Carolina; United States crop, 1839, 1849, 1859, 1869, 
1879, 1889, 1899, 1909, Census; 1841-48, estimates of the Commissioner of Patents; 1853, 
estimate of the Commissioner of Agriculture; 1904-8, 1910, 1911, estimates of the 
Department of Agriculture. 

Estimates of the marketed production of rice by Dan Talmage’s Sons Co. 
1819-38, 1840, 1850-58, for the Carolinas and Georgia; 1860, for the same States and 
Louisiana; 1861-63, for Louisiana only; 1864-65, for North Carolina and Louisiana; 
1866-68, 1870-78, 1880-88, 1890-98, for the Carolinas, Georgia, and Louisiana; 1900- 
1903; for the same States and Texas. 

PRODUCTION PER ACRE.—Census estimate for 1849; Census average, 1879, 1889, 
1899, 1909; Bureau of Statistics, Department of Agriculture, 1904-8, 1910, 1911. 

TOTAL FARM VALUE.—Production multiplied by farm value per barrel; Census, 1899, 
1909. 

FARM VALUE PER BARREL.—1839, 1845, general and usual plantation price; 1846-47, 
Commissioner of Patents; 1849, Census estimate; 1853, Commissioner of Agriculture; 
1899, 1909, Census average; 1904-8, 1910, 1911, Bureau of Statistics, Department of 
Agriculture. 

DoMESTIC EXPORTS OF CLEANED RICE—NET WEIGHT.—Exports of South Carolina: 
1717-18, letter from governor of South Carolina; 1719, 1721, F. Yonge, agent of South 
Carolina in London; 1724-35, Butel-Dumont; 1736-37, 1739-46, 1748-52, 1754, 1758-59, 
1762-64, South Carolina Gazette quoted in Charleston Yearbook, 1880; 1738, Ander- 
son’s Commerce; 1747, Governor Glen’s Report to the Board of Trade; 1753, 1771, 1781- 
83, 1788, John Drayton; 1773, Charleston Yearbook, 1880; 1784-85, de la Roche- 
foucauld Liancourt; 1786, Jedediah Morse. The data were originally taken from the 
customhouse records of Charleston, 8. C. 

Exports of South Carolina and Georgia: 1760, 1770, South Carolina Gazette and 
Jedediah Morse; 1761, South Carolina Gazette and Anderson’s Commerce; 1772, John 
Drayton and Jedediah Morse. 

Exports from all the British Colonies in America: 1712-16, Colonial records of North 
Carolina, imports into Great Britain from the British Colonies in America and here 
stated as exports; 1767-69, official colonial statistics of exports of rice from British 
North America, quoted by Sheffield. 

Exports from the United States: 1789-1801 including reexports, 1802-19 not in- 
cluding reexports, American State Papers; 1820 and subsequently, Bureau of Statistics, 
Department of Commerce and Labor. Figures for 1789 are incomplete, one quarterly 
return missing from Charleston, S. C. Rice bran, meal, and polish are not included 
except for 1891, when separate data are not given for these products. 

Since 1899 the shipments of rice to Hawaii and Porto Rico from the United States 
have been added to the domestic exports to make the data comparable with earlier 
years, while the exports from those two customs districts to foreign countries have been 
subtracted from the total exports from the United States. 

51507°—12 3 


4 RICE CROP OF THE UNITED STATES, 1712-1911. 


The years 1712-16 begin at Christmas; 1718-19, 1768-70 are calendar years and are 
tabulated under 1717, 1718, 1767, 1768, 1769. All the other years begin Nov. 1, as 
nearly as can be ascertained until 1789, which begins Aug. 1 (14-month year, partly 
duplicating previous year); 1790-1842 begin Oct. 1 (1842 is a 9-month year); 1843 
and following years begin July 1. 

DoMESTIC EXPORTS OF CLEANED RICE—TOTAL VALUE.—Before 1789 export price as 
quoted from the customhouse reports, or weight of exports multiplied by the Charles- 
ton market price; 1789-90, 1802-19, American State Papers; 1791-95 calculated values, 
based on Charleston export prices; 1820 and subsequently, Bureau of Statistics, De- 
partment of Commerce and Labor. 

IMPORTS FOR CONSUMPTION, CLEANED RICE—NET WEIGHT.—Total imports less reex- 
ports, 1861-65; imports for consumption 1866 and subsequently, Bureau of Statistics, 
Department of Commerce and Labor. Fifty-five per cent of the weight of the imported 
paddy and 89 per cent of the imported uncleaned rice were counted as cleaned rice— 
see Customs Decision No. 21747, Treasury Department. Since 1899 the shipments of 
domestic and foreign rice from Hawaii and Porto Rico to the United States have been 
added to the imports for consumption of the United States, to make the data com- 
parable with previous years, while imports for consumption into those two customs 
districts have been subtracted from the total for the United States. 

After October 6, 1890, “‘ Rice flour, rice meal, and broken rice which will pass through 
a wire sieve known commercially as No. 1,’’ are added. Previous to that date these 
by-products were omitted. 

EQUIVALENTS USED.—In trade, barrel, 1717, 350 pounds; 1719-29, 400 pounds; 

1730-88, 500 pounds; 1789-1864, 400 pounds; tierce, 1789-1864, 600 pounds. In pro- 
duction, 1 barrel of rough rice=162 pounds=100 pounds of cleaned rice; 1 bushel of 
rough rice=45 pounds; 3.6 bushels of rough rice=1 barrel. 
; ConsumprTion.—No account taken of stocks at beginning and end of year. The 
figures are taken from the formula of production plus net imports (imports for con- 
sumption, 1866 and subsequently) minus domestic exports, and do not stand for actual 
consumption for any certain year. 

CONSUMPTION OF CLEANED RICE—PER CAPITA.—The indicated per capita consump- 
tion of cleaned rice, by 5-year periods, for food, brewing, and other purposes, based 
upon area and population of contiguous United States and Alaska, follows: 1821-25, 
0.54 pound; 1826-30 (apparent excess of exports); 1831-35, 0.72 pound; 1836-40, 1.55 
pounds; 1841-45, 1.23 pounds; 1846-50, 2.51 pounds; 1851-55, 1.57 pounds; 1856-60, 
1.93 pounds; 1861-65, 1.91 pounds; 1866-70, 2.32 pounds; 1871-75, 2.75 pounds; 1876-80, 
3.01 pounds; 1881-85, 3.50 pounds; 1886-90, 3.79 pounds; 1891-95, 4.57 pounds; 1896- 
1900, 4.17 pounds; 1901-5, 5.94 pounds; 1906-10, 7.36 pounds. 

FIvE-YEAR AVERAGES.—The percentages of production retained for consumption 
and the per capita consumption are weighted averages; yield per acre and price per 
pound are means. 

GoLp vALUE.—AII values have been reduced to gold for 1861-78. 

Aurnorities.—North Carolina Colonial Records, Anderson’s Commerce, South Caro- 
lina Gazette, American State Papers, American Husbandry, Sheffield’s Observations 
on the Commerce of the American States, Bureau of the Census, Commissioner of 
Patents; Wm. J. Rivers, History of South Carolina; F. Yonge, agent of South Caro- 
lina in London, Address to the Rt. Hon. John Lord Carteret; Georges Marie Butel- 
Dumont, Histoire et Commerce des Colonies Anglaises dans 1’ Amérique Septentrionale; 
John Drayton, A View of South Carolina; Governor Glen’s Report to the Board of Trade, 
1749; F. A. F. de la Rochefoucauld Liancourt, Travels through the United States; 
Alexander Hewatt, An Historical Account of South Carolina and Georgia; David 
Ramsey, History of South Carolina, 1670-1808; Jedediah Morse, American Geography, 
1789; W. G. Simms, History of South Carolina; De Bow, Industries of Southern and 
Western States; Charleston, S. C., Yearbook, 1880; Bureau of Statistics, Department 
of Commerce and Labor; Bureau of Statistics, Department of Agriculture. 


RICE CROP OF THE UNITED STATES, 1712-1911. 


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